"प्रयोग:अश्वनी6": अवतरणों में अंतर

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पंक्ति 1: पंक्ति 1:
{| class="infobox bordered" cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 style="font-size: 88%; width: 22em; text-align: left"
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| colspan=2 style="text-align: center; border: none" | {{{left}}} ← '''{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}''' → {{{right}}}
 
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| style="text-align: center; border: none" | {{{above}}}<br />↑<br />'''{{{symbol}}}'''<br />↓<br />{{{below}}}
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{| width=100% cellspacing=0 style="border: none"
| style="border: none" | <div style="position: relative; border: none">
{{NavPeriodicTable}}
<div style="position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 30px; border: none">{{#ifexist:Media:{{#switch:{{{crystal structure}}} | #default = {{{crystal structure}}} | = Unknown | hexagonal close-packed = hexagonal | body-centered cubic=cubic-body-centered | face-centered cubic = cubic-face-centered | diamond cubic = Unknown | See text = Unknown}}.svg|[[File:{{#switch:{{{crystal structure}}} | #default = {{{crystal structure}}} | = Unknown | hexagonal close-packed = hexagonal | body-centered cubic=cubic-body-centered | face-centered cubic = cubic-face-centered | diamond cubic = Unknown | See text = Unknown}}.svg|26px|{{ucfirst: {{{name}}}}} has a {{{crystal structure}}} crystal structure]]}}</div>
<div style="border: none; font-size: 8px; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 65px">{{#ifexist:Media:{{#switch:{{{name}}} |#default=Electron shell {{padleft:{{{number}}}|3|0}} {{ucfirst:{{{name}}}}}
|neutronium=Unknown}}.svg|[[File:{{#switch:{{{name}}} |#default=Electron shell {{padleft:{{{number}}}|3|0}} {{ucfirst:{{{name}}}}}
|neutronium=Unknown}}.svg|42px|alt=]]}}
</div>
<div style="border: none; position: absolute; top: 5px; left: 125px">'''<span style="font-size: smaller">{{{number|}}}</span><span style="font-size: larger">{{#switch:{{{symbol}}}|#default={{{symbol|}}}|Nt [not official]=Nt}}</span>'''</div> 
<div style="border: none; text-align: right"><small>[[Periodic table]]</small></div>
|}
|}
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" | Appearance
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center" | {{{appearance}}}{{#if:{{{image name|}}}|<br />[[file:{{{image name}}}{{!}}{{#if:{{{image size|}}}|{{{image size}}}|250px}}|alt={{{image alt|}}}]]|}}{{#if:{{{image name comment|}}}|<br />{{{image name comment}}}|}}{{#if:{{{image name 2|}}}|<br />[[file:{{{image name 2}}}{{!}}{{#if:{{{image size 2|}}}|{{{image size 2}}}|250px}}|alt={{{image alt 2|}}}]]|}}{{#if:{{{image name 2 comment|}}}|<br />{{{image name 2 comment}}}|}}
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" | General properties
|-
! [[list of elements by name|Name]], [[list of elements by symbol|symbol]], [[list of elements by number|number]]
| {{{name}}}, {{{symbol}}}, {{{number}}}
|-
{{#if:{{{pronounce|}}}|
! [[Pronunciation]]
{{!}} {{{pronounce}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{series|}}}|
! [[Collective names of groups of like elements|Element category]]
{{!}} {{#ifeq: {{{series|}}}|noble gas|[[{{{series}}}]]es|[[{{{series}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{series 2|}}}|, {{{series 2}}}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{series plain|}}}|
! [[Collective names of groups of like elements|Element category]]
{{!}} {{{series plain}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{series comment|}}}|
! Category notes
{{!}} {{{series comment}}}
{{!}}-
}}
! [[group (periodic table)|Group]], [[period (periodic table)|period]], [[periodic table block|block]]
| {{#switch:{{{series}}} |lanthanide|lanthanides|actinide|actinides=[[Group number of lanthanides and actinides|n/a]],&nbsp; |[[group {{{group}}} element|{{{group}}}]],&nbsp;}}[[period {{{period}}} element|{{{period}}}]], [[{{{block}}}-block|{{{block}}}]]
|-
! [[Atomic weight|Standard atomic weight]]
| {{#if:{{{atomic mass comment|}}}|{{{atomic mass comment}}}|[[orders of magnitude (mass)|{{{atomic mass}}}]]{{#if:{{{atomic mass 2|}}}|[[list of elements by atomic weight|({{{atomic mass 2}}})]]}} [[Molar mass|g·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]}}
|-
! [[Electron configuration]]
| {{{electron configuration}}}
|-
! [[Electron]]s per [[electron shell|shell]]
| {{{electrons per shell}}} ([[:file:Electron shell {{padleft:{{{number}}}|3|0}} {{ucfirst:{{{name}}}}}.svg|Image]])
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" | Physical properties
|-
{{#if:{{{color|}}}|
! [[Color]]
{{!}} {{{color}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{phase|}}}|
! [[Phase (matter)|Phase]]
{{!}} [[{{{phase}}}]]{{#if:{{{phase comment|}}}|&nbsp;({{{phase comment}}})}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{phase plain|}}}|
! [[Phase (matter)|Phase]]
{{!}} {{{phase plain}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{density gplstp|}}}|
! [[Density]]
{{!}} (0 °C, 101.325 kPa)<br />{{{density gplstp}}} g/L
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{density gpcm3nrt|}}}|
! [[Density]] (near [[room temperature|r.t.]])
{{!}} {{{density gpcm3nrt}}} [[Kilogram per cubic metre|g·cm<sup>−3</sup>]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{density gpcm3nrt 2|}}}|
! [[Density]] (near [[room temperature|r.t.]])
{{!}} {{{density gpcm3nrt 2}}} g·cm<sup>−3</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{density gpcm3nrt 3|}}}|
! [[Density]] (near [[room temperature|r.t.]])
{{!}} {{{density gpcm3nrt 3}}} g·cm<sup>−3</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{density gpcm3mp|}}}|
! Liquid [[density]] at [[melting point|m.p.]]
{{!}} {{{density gpcm3mp}}} g·cm<sup>−3</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{density gpcm3bp|}}}|
! Liquid [[density]] at [[boiling point|b.p.]]
{{!}} {{{density gpcm3bp}}} g·cm<sup>−3</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{melting point K|}}}{{{melting point C|}}}{{{melting point F|}}}|
! [[Melting point]]
{{!}} {{#if:{{{melting point pressure|}}}|({{{melting point pressure}}})&nbsp;}}{{#if:{{{melting point K|}}}|{{{melting point K}}}&nbsp;[[kelvin|K]]{{#if:{{{melting point C|}}}{{{melting point F|}}}|, |}}|}}{{#if:{{{melting point C|}}}|{{{melting point C}}}&nbsp;°[[Celsius|C]]{{#if:{{{melting point F|}}}|, |}}|}}{{#if:{{{melting point F|}}}|{{{melting point F}}}&nbsp;°[[Fahrenheit|F]]|}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{sublimation point K|}}}{{{sublimation point C|}}}{{{sublimation point F|}}}|
! [[Sublimation point]]
{{!}} {{#if:{{{sublimation point pressure|}}}|({{{sublimation point pressure}}})&nbsp;}}{{#if:{{{sublimation point K|}}}|{{{sublimation point K}}}&nbsp;[[kelvin|K]]{{#if:{{{sublimation point C|}}}{{{sublimation point F|}}}|, |}}|}}{{#if:{{{sublimation point C|}}}|{{{sublimation point C}}}&nbsp;°[[Celsius|C]]{{#if:{{{sublimation point F|}}}|, |}}|}}{{#if:{{{sublimation point F|}}}|{{{sublimation point F}}}&nbsp;°[[Fahrenheit|F]]|}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{boiling point K|}}}{{{boiling point C|}}}{{{boiling point F|}}}|
! [[Boiling point]]
{{!}} {{#if:{{{boiling point pressure|}}}|({{{boiling point pressure}}})&nbsp;}}{{#if:{{{boiling point K|}}}|{{{boiling point K}}}&nbsp;[[kelvin|K]]{{#if:{{{boiling point C|}}}{{{boiling point F|}}}|, |}}|}}{{#if:{{{boiling point C|}}}|{{{boiling point C}}}&nbsp;°[[Celsius|C]]{{#if:{{{boiling point F|}}}|, |}}|}}{{#if:{{{boiling point F|}}}|{{{boiling point F}}}&nbsp;°[[Fahrenheit|F]]|}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{triple point K|}}}|
! [[Triple point]]
{{!}} {{{triple point K}}}&nbsp;K&nbsp;({{#expr: {{{triple point K}}}-273.16 round 0}}°[[Celsius|C]]),&nbsp;{{{triple point kPa}}}&nbsp;kPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{critical point K|}}}|
! [[Critical point (thermodynamics)|Critical point]]
{{!}} {{{critical point K}}} [[kelvin|K]], {{{critical point MPa}}} MPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{heat fusion|}}}|
! [[Enthalpy of fusion|Heat of fusion]]
{{!}} {{#if:{{{heat fusion pressure|}}}|({{{heat fusion pressure}}})&nbsp;}}{{{heat fusion}}} [[kilojoule per mole|kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{heat fusion 2|}}}|
! [[Enthalpy of fusion|Heat of fusion]]
{{!}} {{#if:{{{heat fusion pressure|}}}|({{{heat fusion pressure}}})&nbsp;}}{{{heat fusion 2}}} [[kilojoule per mole|kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{heat vaporization|}}}|
! [[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of vaporization]]
{{!}} {{#if:{{{heat vaporization pressure|}}}|({{{heat vaporization pressure}}})&nbsp;}}{{{heat vaporization}}} [[kilojoule per mole|kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{heat capacity|}}}|
! [[Specific heat capacity]]
{{!}} ({{#if:{{{heat capacity pressure|}}}|{{{heat capacity pressure}}},&nbsp;}}25 °C) {{{heat capacity}}} J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{heat capacity 2|}}}|
! [[Specific heat capacity]]
{{!}} ({{#if:{{{heat capacity pressure|}}}|{{{heat capacity pressure}}},&nbsp;}}25 °C) {{{heat capacity 2}}} J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 1|}}}{{{vapor pressure 100 k|}}}|
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center" {{!}} [[Vapor pressure]]{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment|}}}|&nbsp;{{{vapor pressure comment}}}}}
{{!}}-
{{!}} colspan=2 {{!}}
{{{!}} class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"
{{!}}- align="center"
{{!}} P (Pa)
{{!}} 1
{{!}} 10
{{!}} 100
{{!}} 1 k
{{!}} 10 k
{{!}} 100 k
{{!}}- align="center"
{{!}} at T (K)
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 1|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 10|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 100|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 1 k|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 10 k|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 100 k|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|}}}|
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center" {{!}} [[Vapor pressure]]{{#if:{{{vapor pressure comment 2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{vapor pressure comment 2}}} }}
{{!}}-
{{!}} colspan=2 {{!}}
{{{!}} class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"
{{!}}- align="center"
{{!}} P (Pa)
{{!}} 1
{{!}} 10
{{!}} 100
{{!}} 1 k
{{!}} 10 k
{{!}} 100 k
{{!}}- align="center"
{{!}} at T (K)
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 1 2|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 10 2|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 100 2|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 1 k 2|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 10 k 2|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}} {{{vapor pressure 100 k 2|&nbsp;}}}
{{!}}}
{{!}}-
}}
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" | Atomic properties
|-
{{#if:{{{oxidation states|}}}|
! [[Oxidation number|Oxidation state]]s
{{!}} {{{oxidation states}}}{{#if:{{{oxidation states comment|}}}|<br />({{{oxidation states comment}}})}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{electronegativity|}}}|
! [[Electronegativity]]
{{!}} {{{electronegativity}}} (Pauling scale)
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{number of ionization energies|}}}|{{#switch:{{{number of ionization energies}}}
|1={{!}}-
! [[ionization energy|Ionization energies]]
{{!}} 1st: {{{1st ionization energy}}} [[kilojoule per mole{{!}}kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
|2={{!}}-
! rowspan=2 valign="top" {{!}} [[ionization energy{{!}}Ionization energies]]
{{!}} 1st: {{{1st ionization energy}}} [[kilojoule per mole{{!}}kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} 2nd: {{{2nd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
|3={{!}}-
! rowspan=3 valign="top" {{!}} [[ionization energy{{!}}Ionization energies]]
{{!}} 1st: {{{1st ionization energy}}} [[kilojoule per mole{{!}}kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} 2nd: {{{2nd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
{{!}} 3rd: {{{3rd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|11|12|13|14|15|16|17|18|19|20|21|22|23|24|25|26|27|28|29|30|More|more={{!}}-
! rowspan=3 valign="top" {{!}} [[ionization energy{{!}}Ionization energies]]<br />([[ionization energies of the elements{{!}}more]])
{{!}} 1st: {{{1st ionization energy}}} [[kilojoule per mole{{!}}kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} 2nd: {{{2nd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
{{!}} 3rd: {{{3rd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{atomic radius|}}}|
! [[Atomic radius]]
{{!}} {{{atomic radius}}} [[picometre|pm]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{atomic radius calculated|}}}|
! Atomic radius (calc.)
{{!}} {{{atomic radius calculated}}} pm
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{covalent radius|}}}|
! [[Covalent radius]]
{{!}} {{{covalent radius}}} pm{{#if:{{{covalent radius comment|}}}|<br />{{{covalent radius comment}}}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Van der Waals radius|}}}|
! [[Van der Waals radius]]
{{!}} {{{Van der Waals radius}}} pm
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{CAS number|}}}|
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" {{!}} Miscellanea
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{crystal structure|}}}|
! [[Crystal structure]]
{{!}} {{{crystal structure}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{crystal structure comment|}}}|
! [[Crystal structure]] note
{{!}} {{{crystal structure comment}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{magnetic ordering|}}}|
! rowspan={{#if:{{{Curie point|}}}|2|1}} valign="top" {{!}} [[magnetism|Magnetic ordering]]
{{!}} {{{magnetic ordering}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Curie point|}}}|
! {{{Curie point}}} K
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{electrical resistivity|}}}|
! [[Electrical resistivity]]
{{!}} {{{electrical resistivity}}}Ω·m
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{electrical resistivity at 0|}}}|
! [[Electrical resistivity]]
{{!}} (0 °C) {{{electrical resistivity at 0}}}Ω·m
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{electrical resistivity at 20|}}}|
! [[Electrical resistivity]]
{{!}} (20&nbsp;°C) {{{electrical resistivity at 20}}}Ω·m
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{thermal conductivity|}}}|
! [[Thermal conductivity]]
{{!}} (300 K) {{{thermal conductivity}}}&nbsp;W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{thermal conductivity 2|}}}|
! [[Thermal conductivity]]
{{!}} (300 K) {{{thermal conductivity 2}}}&nbsp;W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{thermal diffusivity|}}}|
! [[Thermal diffusivity]]
{{!}} (300 K) {{{thermal diffusivity}}}&nbsp;[[millimeter|mm]]&sup2;/[[second|s]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{thermal expansion|}}}|
! [[Coefficient of thermal expansion|Thermal expansion]]
{{!}} {{{thermal expansion}}} µm/(m·K)
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{thermal expansion at 25|}}}|
! [[Coefficient of thermal expansion|Thermal expansion]]
{{!}} (25 °C) {{{thermal expansion at 25}}} µm·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{speed of sound|}}}|
! [[Speed of sound]]
{{!}} {{{speed of sound}}} [[metre per second|m/s]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{speed of sound rod at 20|}}}|
! [[Speed of sound]] (thin rod)
{{!}} (20 °C) {{{speed of sound rod at 20}}} [[metre per second|m/s]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{speed of sound rod at r.t.|}}}|
! [[Speed of sound]] (thin rod)
{{!}} ([[room temperature|r.t.]]) {{{speed of sound rod at r.t.}}}&nbsp;[[metre per second|m·s<sup>−1</sup>]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Tensile strength|}}}|
! [[Tensile strength]]
{{!}} {{{Tensile strength}}} MPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Young's modulus|}}}|
! [[Young's modulus]]
{{!}} {{{Young's modulus}}} GPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Shear modulus|}}}|
! [[Shear modulus]]
{{!}} {{{Shear modulus}}} GPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Bulk modulus|}}}|
! [[Bulk modulus]]
{{!}} {{{Bulk modulus}}} GPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Poisson ratio|}}}|
! [[Poisson's ratio|Poisson ratio]]
{{!}} {{{Poisson ratio}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Mohs hardness|}}}|
! [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs hardness]]
{{!}} {{{Mohs hardness}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Mohs hardness 2|}}}|
! [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs hardness]]
{{!}} {{{Mohs hardness 2}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Vickers hardness|}}}|
! [[Vickers hardness test|Vickers hardness]]
{{!}} {{{Vickers hardness}}} MPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Brinell hardness|}}}|
! [[Brinell hardness test|Brinell hardness]]
{{!}} {{{Brinell hardness}}} MPa
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{CAS number|}}}|
! [[CAS registry number]]
{{!}} {{{CAS number}}}
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{Band gap|}}}|
! [[Band gap]] energy at 300 K
{{!}} {{{Band gap}}} [[Electronvolt|eV]]
{{!}}-
}}
{{#if:{{{isotopes|}}}|
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" {{!}} Most stable isotopes
{{!}}-
{{!}} colspan=2 style="text-align: center" {{!}} Main article: [[Isotopes of {{{name}}}]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} colspan=2 {{!}}
{{{!}} class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"
! [[isotope{{!}}iso]]
! [[natural abundance{{!}}NA]]
! [[half-life]]
! [[decay mode{{!}}DM]]
! [[decay energy{{!}}DE]] <small>([[electronvolt{{!}}MeV]])</small>
! [[decay product{{!}}DP]]
{{{isotopes}}}
{{#if:{{{isotopes comment|}}}|
{{!}}-
{{!}} colspan=6 style="text-align: center" {{!}} {{{isotopes comment}}} }}
{{!}}}
{{!}}-
}}
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center; {{Infobox element/headers|1={{{series color|}}}|2={{{series}}}|3={{{phase color|}}}|4={{{phase}}} }}" | {{navbar|Infobox {{{name}}}|mini=1}}
|}
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12:55, 26 अक्टूबर 2010 का अवतरण

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